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Social Justice

Most universal credit claimants are behind on bills or facing debt, DWP's own research finds

Universal credit already falls short of the money people need to survive, and debt is pushing them into further hardship

mother and baby looking worried at laptop

Charities have heard from "single parents skipping meals" because universal credit is so low. Image: Pexels

Nine in 10 universal credit claimants have fallen behind on their bills or missed payments, new government analysis has revealed.

Research published by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) shows that 88% of universal credit claimants have identified that they had fallen behind or missed payments, bills or credit commitments.

The report also reveals that half of universal credit claimants owe money to five or more sources, and the majority of claimants feel they are managing their finances poorly.

Labour says the report, published by the DWP last week, was “hidden” by the previous government. The report is one of 31 documents ordered to be published by Liz Kendall, the work and pensions secretary. 

Some of this debt is to the DWP itself, which takes money back from around half of universal credit claimants in order to repay debt and correct errors. These deductions can often lead to claimants struggling to pay bills and ending up in continuing cycles of debt.

The majority of universal credit claimants said they were currently behind on housing costs and council tax, while half of claimants are currently behind on utilities and water bills.

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Sumi Rabindrakumar, head of policy and research at Trussell, said: “The DWP’s own research is just the latest evidence that we urgently need to update our social security system to make it fit for purpose, fulfilling its most basic function of protecting people from debt and deep hardship.

“Incomes are simply not enough to cover the essentials for too many people claiming universal credit. Our recent YouGov research indicated that more than half of universal credit recipients who are subject to government deductions have run out of food in the past month and not had enough money to buy more.”

Research by Public Law Project found that 42% of people have had their mental health impacted negatively due to deductions to universal credit.

Big Issue has previously reported on how the DWP often seizes back money from universal credit claimants due to overpayments and to repay debts, often because of its own mistakes.

Rabindrakumar said: “We know the government has difficult choices to make. But continued inaction on social security also has a price. The deep levels of hardship that millions of people are experiencing are damaging people’s mental health, their ability to seek and sustain work, and family life.

“The UK government must prioritise introducing a protected minimum floor in universal credit in the autumn budget, establishing a level below which basic universal credit support cannot fall.

“It is an affordable way to start fixing the foundations of our social security system, tackling unaffordable debt repayments and benefit cap reductions, and ensuring people keep as much of their payments as possible to cover the essentials.”



Estimates from the Joseph Rowntree Foundation shows that universal credit falls short of around £120 a month of what people need to survive before deductions.

The charity is calling for an ‘essentials guarantee’ to be implemented in universal credit to ensure people have at least enough money to survive.

Shelley Hopkinson, head policy and influencing at Turn2us, says: “Our social security system should provide genuine financial security, not push people deeper into hardship. At Turn2us, we hear heartbreaking stories every week – single parents skipping meals, families struggling to keep warm, and carers having to choose between paying bills and buying food.

“The government must listen to people’s experiences and use the upcoming budget to introduce a protected minimum amount for universal credit, that is safe from excessive deductions and ensures that families are not trapped in debt.”

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